https://www.waiti.nz/life-under-the-sea daily 0.75 2019-03-19 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953687590-9H30ZIMINIZ3AKW1N27M/fishart002.jpg LIFE UNDER THE SEA https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552961853609-KDHU5P05ICWVYV95OU8P/fishart002.jpg LIFE UNDER THE SEA - Catch Talleys Amaltal Columbia is a deep sea trawler. I spent a few days on board shooting stills and video. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552961527817-B2OGBQPYCYU0UA9I06TE/fishart008.jpg LIFE UNDER THE SEA - Catch I have a large library of seafood images, I produced this ‘one off’ A3 square coffee table book to celebrate some of those images. This is a digital flip book version. https://www.waiti.nz/fish-art daily 0.75 2023-04-04 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953166204-JBXAOPVLA8XOB2058CUA/fishart001.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953166204-JBXAOPVLA8XOB2058CUA/fishart001.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953169777-MFRQQ7OY0HI8PJ16XYCI/fishart004.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953169012-9UM2K03Y9H6OCW7X2001/fishart003.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953173490-6LCC83H7V2BJ4FR78VUK/fishart007.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953178111-HQ7FIYK46ZXXKSNLX3KL/fishart005.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953178339-3UU9VEEY5MXQ0NML0ST8/fishart008.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953185390-HPBM2OYODN5I0HMEFOOV/fishart010.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953185395-QJ9DAMJOQ5PGAADXDPXV/fishart012.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953187623-QJJGT9XHX19U9KMW2G27/fishart013.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953193404-LEJ3F6NN5Z5408I147FA/fishart014.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953196707-YUAKATGZUE6SHLTTWPZM/fishart016.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953198077-5V0KNV7CSMOT53GSANHJ/fishart015.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953201374-WD3E0JSVUKT2XGTZQJMX/fishart017.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953203416-W65LSHIL9YPWRQHHNKU7/fishart019.jpg MY FISH ART https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1552953208181-CX6LWVDX0LKUI0I29H2S/fishart021.jpg MY FISH ART https://www.waiti.nz/freshwaterfish daily 0.75 2025-12-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1679269135603-RO0R7L29AMRI2C1T8166/native-introduced.jpg FRESHWATER FISH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1679431222367-CNQJVB165W1BY1AQOX41/research.jpg FRESHWATER FISH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1679871259916-W6N3TSK2B7D3G8NX6W95/wetlands.jpg FRESHWATER FISH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1679872772953-7D7E7V9COKTLTXS1PR7O/fish+passage.jpg 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https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1681264071175-TTVMU8B0JRDO712S2RQR/cray-3.jpg FRESHWATER FISH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1684952679940-PIUYHRNF6UI8XMDCBART/micro+invertebrates.jpg FRESHWATER FISH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1697511244975-TRNHNM3TYTASI0HVP73U/activity-image.jpg FRESHWATER FISH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1698185796264-X51RZOGDQFLTVQOF1ZF1/canyon.jpg FRESHWATER FISH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1705118495722-80CIU1HWQ0M58GJ8A19H/revised+poster-square.jpg FRESHWATER FISH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1705199694837-N58QTKFPAFHQQMGIUKZL/flounder-square.png FRESHWATER FISH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/4356dbbe-82f2-4744-a863-d3b58c38b7f2/logo-png+copy.png FRESHWATER FISH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/2312e994-6f11-4b8e-873a-39e2fbf71677/whitebait+poster.jpg FRESHWATER FISH https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/475d6d73-3b4b-47c5-bb88-0238adb57c3f/shortjaw.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - SHORTJAW KŌKOPU Shortjaw kōkopu are shy and hard to find, favouring bouldery forest steams. Endemic to New Zealand, their status is threatened, at risk from the degradation of their natural environment. Status: Threatened – nationally vulnerable LINKS: Niwa webpage on the Shortjaw Kōkpou DOC website on the Shortjaw Kōkpou Taranaki regional council Shortjaw kokopu - PDF https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/66a58f93-eb59-44bc-9447-75a341c961c2/inanga.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - INANGA Inanga is native to and widely distributed around New Zealand. Unlike the Kōaro, they are poor climbers who restrict their locations to low-lying streams, lakes and wetlands. They are small and short-lived to one year. The only migratory Galaxiid species where the adults swim in shoals. Status: at risk - declining LINKS: NIWA - webpage on Inanga Whitebait Connection PDF Science learning hub - Inanga https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/c26db9fb-f261-4c07-8baf-fd88cecd3f2c/koaro.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - KŌARO Kōaro are excellent climbers and can negotiate near vertical waterfalls. They can penetrate further inland than any of the other whitebait species. They can live for 15 years or more. Wide distribution in North and South Islands in fast-flowing cool forest streams. Status: at risk – declining LINKS: NZ Forest owners association Niwa - webpage on Kōaro Waikato regional PDF on Kōaro Forest & Bird video with Dr Mike Joy Waimāori PDF on climate change page 16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/5a1d322f-785c-4db5-a1a2-cabf77940dad/giant+kokopu.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - GIANT KŌKOPU Giant kōkopu are endemic to New Zealand. The largest of the whitebait species, reaching a size up to 500 mm. Nocturnal, favourite habitat under overhanging vegetation where bugs and insects may fall. Status: at risk - declining LINKS: Niwa - Video on tagging Giant Kōkopu Taranaki Regional Council PDF Science learning hub - tagging Giant Kōkopu Wiamāori website PDF on climate change page 20 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/b326410a-8986-4e38-8a46-354b7c11ef07/kokopu.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - BANDED KŌKOPU Banded kōkopu are good climbers dwelling in pools with overhanging foliage waiting for insects to drop from the branches. Endemic to New Zealand. LINKS: Waikato regional council - PDF Waimaori.Maori. nz website- good PDF WaiMāori website on climate change - page 14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/d7b16490-3f5b-4005-ab45-8da972e227a6/endemic.png FRESHWATER FISH - ENDEMIC SPECIES Endemic species are unique to a location. In New Zealand, our endemic fish are found nowhere else in the world. LINKS: Wikipedia - list of Endemic fish Restoring Kōaro in Rotorua lakes Freshwater fish - DOC https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/d6c3bd2b-57e3-4369-8082-a71c8e11462f/natives.png FRESHWATER FISH - NATIVE SPECIES Native fish are naturally found here; however, the same species are found elsewhere in the world. LINKS: DOC PDF on native/endemic https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/b8f88c31-da7c-4cac-b684-4859fcfb8feb/introduced.png FRESHWATER FISH - INTRODUCED SPECIES Around 20 species of freshwater exotic fish have been introduced into New Zealand. In the early 1900s, early settlers introduced salmon and trout for sport and food. Other fish have been introduced by aquariums and pond fish like goldfish being released into waterways. LINKS: NZ fish & game Brown trout introduction 150 years https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/11d80b00-ce82-4855-bad6-297fb0169c0d/pest-fish.png FRESHWATER FISH - Pest fish Some fish that have been introduced to New Zealand waterways are considered detrimental to either the ecology of the waterways or predators of native/endemic species. LINKS: lernz website - PDF Video: Kio carp trapping NZ plant conservation network DOC - Freshwater pests https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/54711ed6-9c1e-4aa1-b342-581ea58af8cd/bush-stream.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Backpack electrofishing Fish are stunned by an electric impulse delivered through a submerged electrode at the end of a pole, and collected in a net to be counted, measured and logged. LINKS: DOC - Electrofishing synopsis https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/f9ebfb63-dadd-4e7c-8712-4e1185f4755e/lake-wai.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Fyke Netting Fyke nets are essentially a type of cylindrical fish trap which contain a series of funnel-shaped openings which make it easy for fish to enter the trap but very difficult to for them to make their way out. One or more vertical sections of netting, called leaders, extend from the mouth of the fyke net and guide swimming fish into the net. Fyke nets are considered a type of passive sampling gear because they rely on fish to willingly encounter and enter the net (Hubert 1996). They can be used to sample freshwater fish in a wide range of environments, including lakes, wetlands, rivers and streams - source DOC LINKS: DOC - passive nets https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/9e1d1d7e-4a5d-4387-9565-c2402a4c03b8/spotlighting.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Make it stand out Spotlighting at night is a great way to see our native fish. Many are nocturnal and feel safe to come out and feed under cover of darkness. LINKS: DOC - Spotlighting synopsis https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/efc52de7-caf0-4e29-942a-29f12e5000c0/flounder.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - IN PLAIN SIGHT Pātiki mohoao (Black flounder) can camouflage by changing colour to match its surroundings. LINKS: Science learning hub Pātiki mohoao PDF Taonga Species_Patiki LOW RES.pdf https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/b6d846b3-500f-4624-b731-536bf0ccb2fa/eels.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - CLIMBING ELVERS Juvenile eels are known as elvers and can climb up verticle walls provided the surface is rough and wet. LINKS: Elvers climbing - teara.govt.nz Video: climbing Eels and other fish Science learning hub https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1876a456-30d4-4ae6-9df5-a670b85d32b8/slaefin-molly.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - SALEFIN MOLLY Found in the thermal waters of lake Taupo the Salefin Molly is the only tropical fish in New Zealand. These are females, the males have larger dorsal fins. LINKS: Teara website on Coarse fish https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/268c1384-a03e-4ea9-94bb-2913da7c862f/otoliths.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Otoliths age fish Fish earbones are called Otoliths and can tell the age and other information about the fish by rigs or lines, a little like the rings on tree trunks. LINKS: NIWA -science website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/4c3001e4-e842-4268-a35a-c182a2f818a0/Screen+Shot+2023-10-18+at+5.19.53+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - The fish highway LINK: The fish highway - Science learning hub https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/d0bacc33-837a-4eb3-9adb-fbad27ed44a6/Lamprey+copy.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - ANAdromy These species spend most of their adult life in the sea. Migrating up fresh waterways to spawn. The larvae are then washed back to the ocean to mature and grow. Examples: Lamprey - Kanakana and Salmon LINKS: page 8 NIWA / Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment_Report Summary DOC-Lamprey NIWA - Poster PDF of Lamprey (Piharau) life cycle https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/08976f51-76c5-4e45-be54-c0703536bfc4/longfin-eel-2psd.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Catadromy Fish are born in saltwater, then migrate into freshwater as juveniles, where they grow into adults before migrating back into the ocean to spawn. Examples: Eels, Black flounder LINKS: Science learning hub Te Ara website NIWA - Poster PDF of EEL life cycle https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/c79ca2ec-f1b6-48d0-97fd-0c62da8518e4/torrentfish.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - AMPHIDROMY Fish are born in freshwater/estuaries, then drift into the ocean as larvae before migrating back into freshwater to grow into adults and spawn. Examples: Whitebait, Galaxias and Torrentfish, Inanga LINKS: Waimāori website page 10 of PDF on Inanga https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/3770c4cf-f353-45a0-aac0-9e4633d738a0/Screen+Shot+2023-04-11+at+4.31.00+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Stages of development LINKS: https://earthlife.net/fish/development https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/b0d1e679-d219-4022-a6cb-9f3c9cb2c319/Screen+Shot+2024-01-13+at+2.49.55+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - DOC’s guide to 40 Wetlands of New Zealand Download this stunning PDF compiled by DOC. Find out where the nearest Wetland is to your school and arrange a class outing or class project. LINK to PDF https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/d3e4b969-bc4f-48a3-8843-498ac0817141/Screen+Shot+2024-01-13+at+2.01.42+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Wetlands trust The wetlands website is a one stop shop covering many aspects centred around wetlands types, values, research and advocacy. LINK: Wetlands Trust https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/85760e2e-ddf1-4606-be79-69ea5c6d232a/Screen+Shot+2024-01-13+at+1.14.08+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - THErivers kidneys Researcher Cheri van Schravendijk-Goodman explains why wetlands are important for the health and wellbeing of the Waikato River. LINK - Website page and video https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/cf2bdc22-5167-49c1-b778-ac01d3afe175/Screen+Shot+2024-01-13+at+2.17.03+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Te reo o te repo - Kei koei tonu au ‘The voice of the wetlands - I am still here’ Download this PDF. The 248 page book is well worth looking through for c projects on wetlands. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/c9766ab0-7c2e-4814-bfc2-f6f638ba95f2/Screen+Shot+2023-05-30+at+4.29.36+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Te reo o repo : the voice of the wetland Te Reo o Te Repo – the Voice of the Wetland is an online wetland handbook created collaboratively between the Waikato Raupatu River Trust and Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research. LINKS: Te Reo o Te Repo – the Voice of the Wetland https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/d658d092-d193-469f-87d0-5add4d745aff/wier.png FRESHWATER FISH - Fish Migration upstream/downstream The successful life cycle for many fish depends on reaching the headwaters of rivers and streams. LINKS: The fish highway - Science learning hub Science learning hub ‘Streams works for fish.’ Ministry for the Environment on fish passage DOC - Fish passage at culverts https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/0000fd77-c797-4c90-ae43-a292a72c981a/culvert.png FRESHWATER FISH - Barriers to fish passage Weirs and culverts can prevent fish from completing their migration process. LINKS: BOP regional council fish passage fact sheet NIWA - New Zealand fish passage guidelines NIWA - Fish passage assessment tool Auckland council - caring for urban streams - fish passage Northland regional council - fish-friendly culvert design. Video on native fish migration (NIWA) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/ee2f9cd9-905b-401d-bd4f-0a33decabfa6/Screen+Shot+2024-01-13+at+12.31.53+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - How Clean is Your awa This is a class activity for students on a visit to a local stream. The PDF can be download from the Kids Conservation Club website. LINK (PDF) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/8113b2e5-d20e-4ac9-b92a-8a01a1d8c613/Screen+Shot+2024-01-13+at+12.46.11+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Wai - Water A PDF from Rangitane Eduction. From a Mātaurangi Māori perspective it is informative, educational and suitable for Primary school age students. Well worth the download. LINK: Wai-water https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/9084cad2-5351-4969-a999-ad2441810955/runoff-diagram.png FRESHWATER FISH - runoff from the land Runoff is a major source of water pollution. As the water runs along a surface, it picks up litter, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizers, Insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides that are used to kill agricultural pests. They can poison fish and wildlife, contaminate food sources, and destroy the animals' habitat for protective cover. LINKS: What is agricultural runoff A good diagram on Min. Environment website Min. Environment website Fresh Water - Forest & Bird Video - Tina Porou - Māori Freshwater fisheries conference 2022 Ragitane education - download PDF (very good!) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/0d5a3268-3e3a-493d-9bea-6c2cc6c3c29a/Screen+Shot+2023-04-14+at+5.46.33+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - WAI Tapu - Waterways LINKS: Ngāti Hāmua Environmental Education Series https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/b4c5ae98-edd2-498f-af6e-7bd0494511b1/Screen+Shot+2023-10-18+at+5.14.19+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Map of New zealand rivers LINK: Map on NIWA website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/77381fe0-ba1f-42d4-9aa9-7e091e0b1058/eel-compa.png FRESHWATER FISH - What’s the difference The two main species of freshwater eel found in New Zealand are the longfin eel (Anguilla dieffenbachii) and the shortfin eel (Anguilla australis). On a longfin eel, the dorsal (top) fin extends a lot further forward than the anal (bottom) fin. The dorsal fin of a shortfin eel only extends a little further forward than the anal fin. - DOC LINKS: DOC website Eels activity sheet - DOC https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/0bd7c973-1c66-474c-99cb-19c1f9473efc/longfin+eel.png FRESHWATER FISH - LONGFIN EEL - Kūwharuwharu Scientific name - Anguilla dieffenbachii Endemic to New Zealand, the longfin eel is named because it’s dorsal (top) fin is longer than its bottom fin, one of the largest eels in the world. They can live up to 80 years; some females can reach 2 metres long and weigh up to 40kg. LINKS: Amazing facts - Forest and Bird website Auckland Zoo - Longfin eel Science learning hub - path to extinction Climate change Tuna Kuwharuwharu PDF by Rangitāne education https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/d3e3fca9-65ad-4538-a4c9-222e38a04f16/shortfin-eel.png FRESHWATER FISH - Shortfin eel - Tuna Scientific name - Anguilla australis Native to New Zealand, the Shortfin eel is found in Australia and throughout the South Pacific. Common in lowland waterways but do not venture inland as far as longfins. They are ferocious predators eating crustaceans, fish, frogs and even birds. Migrating to the sea to spawn, they travel thousands of kilometres to deep water close to Tonga. LINKS: DOC website - longfin/shortfin comparison image https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/b6d846b3-500f-4624-b731-536bf0ccb2fa/eels.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Eels were vital food for Māori Eels were a vital food for Māori, who caught them using weirs built on rivers or with traps, nets, spears and bait. Many eels were captured on their yearly migrations to the sea, and live eels were kept in cages or ponds as a ready food supply. LINKS: Teara website - Story : Te hopu tuna - feeling Waihao.co.nz https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/281840c0-ee28-4e7d-8186-267251bb66bf/Trout+copy+2.png FRESHWATER FISH - TROUT - TARAUTE There are no native or endemic trout in New Zealand. They were first introduced in the late 1800s as game fish by early settlers. A licence is required to catch trout administered by Fish and Game NZ who also seed the rivers and lakes with fresh stocks. LINKS: Fish & Game website Teara website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/80a9575c-4f04-4c0e-a9c3-8e9704d95b3f/oval-trout.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - RAINBOW TROUT Introduced in the late 1800s the Rainbow trout are prized by anglers for their beautiful colourings. Distinguished by its silver colour with olive shades on its back covered in small black spots with soft pink markings on its sides. The fish are usually 1-3kg. Scientific name: Oncorhynchus mykiss LINKS: Fish & Game website Teara website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/d213b7f5-1fbf-4554-8458-a2dd04129957/brown-oval.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - BROWN TROUT Brown trout are native to Europe and were first introduced into New Zealand in the late 1860s. More widespread than Rainbow trout but prized by anglers as they are considered harder to catch. Scientific name : Salmo trutta LINKS: Niwa website Fish & Game website Teara website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/710f9cc1-7503-458e-b9e7-fb494baccb5d/brook-char-oval.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - BROOK CHAR First introduced into New Zealand in the late 1870s, the Book char is a native of North America. Not as widely established as Rainbow or Brown trout but found in several central north islands rivers and particular south island locations such as Lake Emily near Ashburton. Their bodies are generally dark with a lighter marbling pattern. Scientific name: Salvelinus-fontinalis LINKS: Fishing magazine Teara website Fish & Game website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/f820ce20-f730-4476-a66b-a08d552fde94/tiger-oval.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - TIGER TROUT The Tiger trout is a cross between the Brown trout and Brook Char. Since the two-parent trout were never native to the same location, the only natural stream-born Tiger trout have been found in waterways where both species have been introduced. Lake Rotoma in the Bay of Plenty is the only location where Tiger trout are found. LINKS: NZ Fishing website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/86e4f646-b3f0-4261-a51e-b057a0ba3d18/community+project.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Community projects LINKS: Saving Poormans stream Nelson -PDF Moana wetlands - Wairarapa Cawthorn website - Pawai-Mangarara stream restoration Conservation volunteers NZ - Papakura stream restoration project Horizons.govt.nz - Community guide to stream restoration Nayland college - Nelson - Poorman stream upgrade NIWA - Stream restoration for aquatic invertebrates https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/fa85ba86-7530-4d65-b393-bfdf94b93802/whitebait-version-july-flat-small.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/d799b443-1faa-4869-9ed6-2d04dfe6f56f/carboot-2.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Car boot studio Customed designed tank, filled with stream water in the car boot studio. Image captured by multiple electronic flashes using a Nikon D850 and 60mm macro lens. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/ae563014-99c7-4fa0-bc65-475bdfa8b8ca/fishing.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Fish supply Waikato regional council scientific research team during a survey. Fish were caught by electrofishing and photographed on location and returned to the stream. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/764719ff-5e88-4fa9-9a63-31ecdf6947b3/bucket.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Waiting to be film stars Kōura and a Bully in a bucket waiting to be photographed https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/8b906a96-7531-4ddc-818a-757bc61b620b/Screen+Shot+2024-01-13+at+2.17.03+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Te Reo o te repo - the voice of the wetlands Te Reo o Te Repo – The Voice of the Wetland is an online wetland handbook created collaboratively between the Waikato Raupatu River Trust and Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research. The 212 page PDF contains has a section on Mātauranga Māori LINK: Voice of the Wetlands PDF https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/04c7c222-c869-40dc-a541-66ed6f6062b3/Screen+Shot+2024-01-13+at+8.41.37+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - The importance of ritual and ceremony Stars of the Matariki cluster : Waitī by Matiu Bakere LINK : Museum of New Zealand https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/9765500c-7b80-499c-a5bd-15df3aa11ed7/two-natives-larger.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Assessing the vulnerability of taonga freshwater species to climate change To respond to and prepare for changes in our climate, and the eects of those changes on taonga species, we need a better understanding of taonga species' vulnerability to climate change. This information is needed so that decision makers such as Te Wai Māori Trust can make informed decisions regards taonga species conservation and management. - from Te Wai Māori PDF LINKS: NIWA / Te Wai Māori PDF https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/dc501eff-af2b-4895-ab6b-6968d1562927/Screen+Shot+2023-05-30+at+4.29.36+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Te reo o te repo : the voice of the wetland Te Reo o Te Repo – the Voice of the Wetland is an online wetland handbook created collaboratively between the Waikato Raupatu River Trust and Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research LINK: PDF : Te Reo o Te Repo – the Voice of the Wetland https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/abee5aa3-631e-4b90-92fd-a03d93ed8d50/Screen+Shot+2023-04-11+at+1.49.47+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - 800 year old solution A 70-year-old problem is being tackled with an 800-year-old mātauranga Māori solution just outside Rotorua – and the issue all started with goldfish. Those goldfish, and the contents of their aquariums, dumped into Lake Rotoiti and Lake Rotomā back in the 1950s are the cause of the pest weed that now infects both lakes. According to Te Arawa Lakes Trust biosecurity manager William Anaru, the pest weeds and their oxygen-sapping spin-off effect on the water quality has seen traditional kai such as kōura (crayfish) almost totally wiped out. LINKS: Newshub video Stuff - 2021 article Video on stuff - Rotorua iwi trust biosecurity award Willian Anaru talk - Māori freshwater fisheries conference 2022 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/8f8c9b72-099a-403e-b020-d71399251435/mussels.png FRESHWATER FISH - Can Mātauranga Māori help save Aotearoa’s Kākahi (freshwater mussels) LINKS: Science learning hub article https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/2fcd0f40-9eee-4d56-a553-30f8ae194eba/climate+cahnge.jpg FRESHWATER FISH - Te Wai Māori Te Wai Māori was established under the Maori Fisheries Act 2004 to advance Māori interests in freshwater fisheries. Protecting Māori interests in freshwater fisheries ultimately means protecting habitat to ensure quality water and abundant species. Freshwater fisheries include species, habitat, surrounding land, water column, water quality and quantity. e Wai Māori is a product of the Deed of Settlement (Māori Fisheries Settlement) 1992 and an entity of Te Ohu Kai Moana Group LINKS: Te Wai Māori website Speaker video presentations - 2022 conference https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/7f0b5ce7-91a9-40ca-a390-9ed506e213ee/talk+by+jane+kitson.png FRESHWATER FISH - talk on Kanakana - Lamprey Dr Jane Kitson addressing the Māori Freshwater Fisheries Conference 2022. She leads the Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga project on kanakana/lamprey and the use of harvest mātauranga to monitor population trends. LINK : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jI8fH2NN1B0 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/ca91e2ba-a2f3-4c9e-b52f-72292d75fc67/talk+by+Nancy+Tuaine+-wanganui+river.png FRESHWATER FISH - Te awa tupua - Wanganui river Nancy Tuaine shares with us the history of Te Awa Tupua - a legally recognised indivisible and living entity, comprising the Whanganui River from the mountains to the sea, incorporating all its physical and metaphysical elements. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/99cc962d-bea0-4359-9dbf-b4f050bf6a39/inanga-2.png FRESHWATER FISH - Taonga species - Inanga Inanga are the most abundant whitebait species and are widely distributed in Aotearoa. Īnanga can migrate well inland in some rivers but are normally considered a coastal species. They are the smallest of all whitebait species, usually reaching 100-110mm. Found in most rivers and streams in Aotearoa they form the bulk of the whitebait catch - source NIWA LINKS: NIWA website on Īnanga - NIWA website Download PDF on Īnanga - NIWA website Iīnanga life cycle PDF - NIWA website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/ec3af076-c1a4-42ec-aaca-3030bfeebdaa/mullet-1.png FRESHWATER FISH - Taonga species Kanae (Mullet) There are two kinds. Grey mullet and Yellow eye mullet.Grey mullet have a thick and fleshy vertical slit over the pupil called an adipose eye. Yellow-eye mullet have no adipose eye and have a bright yellow eye (where they get their name from). LINKS: Download PDF - NIWA Toanga series - Kanae https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/178d2cc1-f383-4617-a03e-41cf3450ccea/mussels.png FRESHWATER FISH - Taonga species Kākahi (Freshwater mussels) There are three species of kākahi identified so far. All three species look slightly different and are found living together, or on their own, in different regions of Aotearoa. Kākahi live in freshwater environments ranging from small fast-flowing streams to large lakes. Kākahi are long-lived, with one species (Echyridella menziesii) estimated to live on average between 12 -30 years, but can live as long as 50 - 60 years. Unlike marine mussels that attach themselves to surrounding rocks or other substrates, kākahi use their foot to move around, anchor themselves and burrow into sediment. - NIWA LINKS: Download PDF - NIWA Toanga series - Kākahi NIWA website - Kākahi Counting Kākahi by Hannah Rainforth Download Kākahi life cycle poster https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/072547e4-8dd7-49dc-a20d-a63920fcbddf/koura.png FRESHWATER FISH - Taonga species Kōura (Freshwater Crayfish) Kōura (also known as kēwai) are freshwater crayfish endemic to Aotearoa. There are two species of kōura in Aotearoa: Paranephrops planifrons Paranephrops zealandicus LINKS: Rangitane education - fab pdf with Kōura picture to colour in. NIWA Taonga series - Kōura Download NIWA PDF on Kōura Download NIWA PDF of Lifecycle (Te Reo version) Download NIWA PDF of Lifecycle (English) Restoring Kōara in lakes, rivers & streames - NIWA Crayfish / Kōara - DOC Monitoring and maintenance of Kōura - NIWA https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/88a3c2e9-b27c-4347-8588-1ca574ebf44d/floundre-black.png FRESHWATER FISH - Taonga species Pātika (Black Flounder) Pātiki are found in shallow, brackish (slightly salty) waters including harbours, estuaries and inlets, coastal lakes and even rivers. Sand, yellow-belly and greenback flounder choose places to live where they can hide in plain sight. They like muddy and sandy bottoms where they can bury themselves just below the surface and camouflage themselves. These three species tend to live in shallow water when they are young and move into deeper water as adults. LINKS: NIWA Taonga series - Pātiki Download NIWA PDF on Kōura Download NIWA PDF of Lifecycle https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/ccfe1a90-3a10-405b-9f57-c261e432ca72/lamprey.png FRESHWATER FISH - Taonga species Piharau (Lamprey) Piharau (also known as kanakana) are anadromous, which means they start their lives in freshwater streams, before migrating to sea after three to four years. They only return to freshwater to breed. LINKS: NIWA Taonga series - Piharau Download NIWA PDF on Piharau Download NIWA PDF poster of life cycle https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/d3e3fca9-65ad-4538-a4c9-222e38a04f16/shortfin-eel.png FRESHWATER FISH - Taonga species Tuna (Freshwater eel) Adult longfin eels like fast-flowing water and stony river beds, and are often found further upstream. While shortfins like slower moving water and are often found in swamps lakes, rivers and streams near the coast. However, both species (types) are often found in the same place. Generally, small eels like shallower water and large eels like deeper water. Longfin and shortfin eels can be found all over Aotearoa except in places where they have been unable to get past obstacles – such as large dams, or where the habitat that they like has been removed, damaged or polluted. LINKS: NIWA Taonga series - Tuna Download NIWA PDF on Tuna Download NIWA PDF of Lifecycle (Te Reo version) Download NIWA PDF of Lifecycle (English) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/fefd055e-0119-4fef-99ad-f6c95b97bbe6/green-stonefly.png FRESHWATER FISH - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/2e7acd8d-078e-45ec-b485-e84e53f033db/Screen+Shot+2023-05-30+at+4.08.35+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Freshwater Invertebrates guide This identification guide by Manaaki Whenua (Landcare Research) is very comprehensive with stunning photographs of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates, the website also features https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/b7f42709-9604-4407-832f-02397248d107/Screen+Shot+2023-10-17+at+4.05.58+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Kōaro Download line drawing for students to colour from the DOC website LINK: Kōaro colouring image on DOC website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/01114dda-bf22-4dd5-a294-66af723ca68a/Screen+Shot+2023-10-17+at+4.14.42+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Toitoi - Common bully Download line drawing for students to colour from the DOC website LINK: Toitoi - Common Bully colouring image on DOC website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/72c4d149-ffbc-4661-9536-e98947d55fc2/Screen+Shot+2023-10-17+at+4.32.46+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Tuna Kuwharuwharu - Longfin eel Download line drawing for students to colour from the DOC website LINK: Tuna - Longfin Eel colouring image on DOC website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/0b396e93-9c68-4304-896f-c3b2372ea377/Screen+Shot+2023-10-17+at+4.20.14+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Kōara - Freshwater crayfish Download line drawing for students to colour from the DOC website LINK: Kōura - Freshwater crayfish colouring image on DOC website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/b7065849-11fc-47d5-a100-3f32629769be/Screen+Shot+2023-10-17+at+4.29.10+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Stonefly - Ngarongaro Download line drawing for students to colour from the DOC website LINK: Ngarongaro - Stonefly colouring image on DOC website https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/08ca196d-b984-4634-8269-74e1e324c2f3/Screen+Shot+2024-01-13+at+11.59.00+AM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Freshwater Ecosystems / ‘ Ko Wai Mātou From ‘Kids restore the Kepler’, heaps of info here with lots of helpful live links. LINK: Kids restore the Kepler https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/7e5a61a3-50aa-461a-ab32-93859ba87d36/Screen+Shot+2023-10-25+at+11.31.47+AM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Science Learning hub - Activity freshwater ecosystems Download ( class activity, contains background info for teachers, teacher instructions and student instructions. LINK: Freshwater ecosystem (word : 2.3MG) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/148d4e75-a338-486b-899f-194c193b86bd/Screen+Shot+2023-10-25+at+11.55.08+AM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Southland water - our ecosystems Download a PDF by Environment Southland LINK: Southland water PDF https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/5e5529d4-5ed1-47fa-a0b6-ed4e5c8f5449/Screen+Shot+2024-01-13+at+12.13.18+PM.png FRESHWATER FISH - Freshwater ecosystem types This is a Youtube video from MooMoo Math and Science, although not New Zealand produced, it covers of the types of Freshwater ecosystem types. LINK (VIDEO) https://www.waiti.nz/moving-picures daily 0.75 2026-02-10 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1692511467679-539XE4VP4EUQJXFUP54B/bees.jpg MOVING PICTURES https://www.waiti.nz/new-gallery-1 daily 0.75 2026-02-09 https://www.waiti.nz/commercial daily 0.75 2026-02-10 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770652965472-M7W8BKCAFL7ZU9XXMNKF/com-1.jpg COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770675151036-SHTUY89UDGXI69VLVIIY/art.jpg COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770675842979-G2HFAQG0CHFWSEQH9UFM/transport.jpg COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770676093520-JMHEOMPAQH29SPJ8MEDS/wine.jpg COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770676258608-5E6J91MJQ9TF4AK1KI9F/apple.jpg COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770676394907-MGMTRV4YA7151V9OPEBO/design.jpg COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770676923007-2NB2JRQMOHUPXYAYSCNR/dish.jpg COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770677264078-PQ0UFDOYLNV6KXB3WKA8/farm.jpg COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770677833833-TLFD1IFX53MKYWM4U5DW/industry.jpg COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770678262031-OAI9S45I1OHRFTAPVOH8/SEA.jpg COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770699829530-1F699L395YTOVQFSWY2X/image-asset.jpeg COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY - jr-orchard https://www.waiti.nz/contact daily 0.75 2024-01-14 https://www.waiti.nz/about daily 0.75 2024-11-05 https://www.waiti.nz/more-information daily 0.75 2023-05-16 https://www.waiti.nz/activities daily 0.75 2023-10-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1697510884333-M2FJE5SNMNZ2LLM4CO29/activity-image.jpg Activities https://www.waiti.nz/welcome daily 1.0 2026-02-09 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770654233736-W835VCIBK0GM84SZX8R6/poster.jpg WELCOME - Freshwater life poster https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5c549126815512c3703eb1e5/1770654234045-11RDL92GGASA4ONR2HZQ/com-1.jpg WELCOME https://www.waiti.nz/store daily 0.75 2023-04-15